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Herbs Used to Alleviate Medical Conditions and Symptoms Example
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Herbs Used to
Alleviate Conditions and Symptoms Condition/Symptom Herbs Used Angina Hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata, C. monogyna) Anxiety and Sleep Disorders Valerian (Valeriana officinalis)
Passion flower (Passiflora incarnata)
Hops (Humulus lupulus)
Catnip (Nepeta cataria)
L-Tryptophan (natural amino acid, occurs in concentrations of
1%-2% in plant and animal proteins) Appetite Loss Significant bitter herbs: Gentian (Gentiana lutea)
Centaury (Centaurium erythraea) Minor bitter herbs: Bitterstick (Swertia chirata)
Blessed Thistle (Cnicus benedictus)
Bogbean (Menyanthes trifoliata)
Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) Arteriosclerosis Garlic (Allium sativum) Arthritis Willow bark (Salix alba, S. purpurea, S. fragilis) Bronchial Asthma Ephedra or ma huang (Ephedra species, particularly E. sinica, E. equisetina, E. gerardiana) Burns, Wounds, and Infections Calendula (Calendula officinalis)—tea for putative and
antispasmodic effects
Comfrey (Symphytum officinale) Cancer Apricot pits (Prunus armeniaca)
Pau d’Arco (Tabebuia) also called lapacho, or taheebo
Mistletoe (Viscum album) Colds and Flu Demulcent antitussives: Cough suppressants Coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara)—however, it contains toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids
Iceland moss (Cetraria islandica)
Marshmallow root (Althaea officinalis, Malva sylvestris)
Mullein flowers (Verbascum thapsus, V. densiflorum, V. phlomoides)
Plantain leaves (Plantago lanceolata)
Slippery elm (Ulmus rubra) Nauseant-expectorants (caution given about safe consumption) Lobelia (Lobelia inflata)
Ipecac (Cephaelis ipecacuanha, C. acuminata) Local irritants Anise (Pimpinella anisum)
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)
Thyme (Thymus vulgaris, T. zygis)
Eucalyptus leaves (Eucalyptus globulus) Surface tension modifiers Licorice, also known as glycyrrhiza (Glycyrrhiza glabra)
Seneca snakeroot (Polygala senega) Communicable Diseases and Infections Echinacea (Echinacea angustifolia, E. pallida, E. purpurea) Condition/Symptom Herbs Used Congestive Heart Failure Adonis (Adonis vernalis)
Oleander (Nerium oleander)
Apocynum or black Indian hemp (Apocynum cannabinum, A. androsaemifolium)
Black hellebore (Helleborus niger)
Cactus grandiflorus (Selenicereus grandiflorus)
Convallaria or lily of the valley (Convallaria majalis)
Squill (Urginea maritima)
Strophanthus (Strophanthus kombe, S. hispidus) Control Hypertension Garlic Depression St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) Diarrhea Blackberry leaves (Rubus fruticosus)
Blueberry leaves (Vaccinium corymbosum or V. Myrtillus)
Raspberry leaves (Rubus idaeus) Digestion Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Gastric and Duodenal (Peptic) Ulcers Licorice, also known as glycyrrhiza (Glycyrrhiza glabra)
Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
Gynecological Disorders Menopausal symptoms, PMS, dysmenorrhea, female sex hormone imbalances or deficiencies Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa)
Chaste tree berry (Vitex agnus-castus)
Evening primrose oil (Oenothera biennis)
Black currant oil (Ribes nigrum)
Raspberry leaves (Rubus idaeus, R. strigosus)
Borage seed oil (Borago officinalis) PMS Evening primrose oil (Oenothera biennis) Hyperthyroidism Bugle weed (Lycopus virginicus, L. europaeus) Indigestion—Dyspepsia Significant carminative herbs:
Carminative effects (to eruct air from stomach, increase stomach secretions, relax intestine to enable gas passage, limit development of undesirable microorganisms, promote bile
flow to facilitate nutrient absorption) Peppermint (Menthax piperita)
Chamomile (Matricaria recutita, M. chamomilla, Chamomilla recutita, Chamaemelum nobile) Minor carminative herbs Anise (Pimpinella anisum)
Caraway (Carum carvi)
Coriander (Coriandrum sativum, C. vulgare, C. microcarpum)
Calamus (Acorus calamus)
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Cholagogues:
Act to empty the gall bladder or to stimulate the production of bile or both Turmeric (Curcuma domestica, C. longa, C. zanthorrhiza, C. zedoaria)
Boldo (Peumus boldus)
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) Condition/Symptom Herbs Used Infections and Kidney Stones Significant aquaretic-antiseptic herbs:
Enhance fluid and electrolyte excretion, increase blood flow in the kidneys. Useful for: local infection of renal tissue (pyelonephritis); inflammation of urethra (urethritis); inflammation of urinary bladder (cystitis); preventing kidney stones Goldenrod (Solidago virgaurea, S. serotina, S. canadensis)
Parsley (Petroselinum crispum)
Juniper (Juniperus communis) Minor aquaretic herbs: Used in diuretic teas Birch leaves (Betula verrucosa, B. pubescens)
Lovage root (Levisticum officinale) Antiseptic herbs Bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, two varieties: coactylis, adenotricha)—antibacterial herb for urinary tract infections Anti-infective herbs Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon), most useful for preventing and treating urinary tract infections Prostate enlargement Saw palmetto (sabal) (Serenoa repens)
Nettle root (Urtica dioica, U. urens) Laxative Bulk-producing laxative Plantago, also known as psyllium seed (Plantago psyllium,
Plantago indica, Plantago ovata) Significant stimulant laxatives Cascara sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana)
Buckthorn (frangula) bark (Rhamnus frangula)
Senna (Cassia acutifolia—known in commerce as Alexandria senna, or Cassia angustifolia—known in commerce as Tinnevelly senna, or these two grouped into Senna alexandrina) Other stimulant laxatives Aloe (Aloe barbadensis, A. vera, A. ferox, A. africana, A. spicata)
Rhubarb (Rheum officinale, R. palmatum, R. emodi, R. webbianum) Minor laxatives: Drastic purgatives Jalap, Podophyllum, Colocynth Minor laxatives: Mild and uncertain inaction Dandelion root, Manna Liver Damage Milk thistle (Silybum marianum)
Schizandra (Schisandra chinensis) Lower Cholesterol Garlic
Plantago, also known as psyllium seed (Plantago psyllium, or Plantago indica, Plantago ovata) Migraine or Vascular Headache Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium) Nausea and Vomiting Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Pain (General) Willow bark (Salix alba) Condition/Symptom Herbs Used Performance and Endurance Enhancers The ginsengs (Panax ginseng, P. quinquefolius, P. pseudoginseng)
Eleuthero (Eleutherococcus senticosus)
Sarsaparilla (Smilax aristolochiaefolia, S. febrifuga)
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)
Sassafras (Sassafras officinalis) Peripheral Vascular Disease Cerebrovascular disease Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) Other peripheral arterial circulatory disorders Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)—questionable effectiveness Varicose vein syndrome Horse chestnut seed (Aesculus hippocastanum, A. glabra)
Butcher’s broom (Ruscus aculeatus) Sexual Impotence Yohimbe (Pausinystalia yohimbe)—not recommended for selftreatment,
not for OTC sale in US
Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) Source: U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Alleviate Conditions and Symptoms Condition/Symptom Herbs Used Angina Hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata, C. monogyna) Anxiety and Sleep Disorders Valerian (Valeriana officinalis)
Passion flower (Passiflora incarnata)
Hops (Humulus lupulus)
Catnip (Nepeta cataria)
L-Tryptophan (natural amino acid, occurs in concentrations of
1%-2% in plant and animal proteins) Appetite Loss Significant bitter herbs: Gentian (Gentiana lutea)
Centaury (Centaurium erythraea) Minor bitter herbs: Bitterstick (Swertia chirata)
Blessed Thistle (Cnicus benedictus)
Bogbean (Menyanthes trifoliata)
Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) Arteriosclerosis Garlic (Allium sativum) Arthritis Willow bark (Salix alba, S. purpurea, S. fragilis) Bronchial Asthma Ephedra or ma huang (Ephedra species, particularly E. sinica, E. equisetina, E. gerardiana) Burns, Wounds, and Infections Calendula (Calendula officinalis)—tea for putative and
antispasmodic effects
Comfrey (Symphytum officinale) Cancer Apricot pits (Prunus armeniaca)
Pau d’Arco (Tabebuia) also called lapacho, or taheebo
Mistletoe (Viscum album) Colds and Flu Demulcent antitussives: Cough suppressants Coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara)—however, it contains toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids
Iceland moss (Cetraria islandica)
Marshmallow root (Althaea officinalis, Malva sylvestris)
Mullein flowers (Verbascum thapsus, V. densiflorum, V. phlomoides)
Plantain leaves (Plantago lanceolata)
Slippery elm (Ulmus rubra) Nauseant-expectorants (caution given about safe consumption) Lobelia (Lobelia inflata)
Ipecac (Cephaelis ipecacuanha, C. acuminata) Local irritants Anise (Pimpinella anisum)
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)
Thyme (Thymus vulgaris, T. zygis)
Eucalyptus leaves (Eucalyptus globulus) Surface tension modifiers Licorice, also known as glycyrrhiza (Glycyrrhiza glabra)
Seneca snakeroot (Polygala senega) Communicable Diseases and Infections Echinacea (Echinacea angustifolia, E. pallida, E. purpurea) Condition/Symptom Herbs Used Congestive Heart Failure Adonis (Adonis vernalis)
Oleander (Nerium oleander)
Apocynum or black Indian hemp (Apocynum cannabinum, A. androsaemifolium)
Black hellebore (Helleborus niger)
Cactus grandiflorus (Selenicereus grandiflorus)
Convallaria or lily of the valley (Convallaria majalis)
Squill (Urginea maritima)
Strophanthus (Strophanthus kombe, S. hispidus) Control Hypertension Garlic Depression St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) Diarrhea Blackberry leaves (Rubus fruticosus)
Blueberry leaves (Vaccinium corymbosum or V. Myrtillus)
Raspberry leaves (Rubus idaeus) Digestion Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Gastric and Duodenal (Peptic) Ulcers Licorice, also known as glycyrrhiza (Glycyrrhiza glabra)
Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
Gynecological Disorders Menopausal symptoms, PMS, dysmenorrhea, female sex hormone imbalances or deficiencies Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa)
Chaste tree berry (Vitex agnus-castus)
Evening primrose oil (Oenothera biennis)
Black currant oil (Ribes nigrum)
Raspberry leaves (Rubus idaeus, R. strigosus)
Borage seed oil (Borago officinalis) PMS Evening primrose oil (Oenothera biennis) Hyperthyroidism Bugle weed (Lycopus virginicus, L. europaeus) Indigestion—Dyspepsia Significant carminative herbs:
Carminative effects (to eruct air from stomach, increase stomach secretions, relax intestine to enable gas passage, limit development of undesirable microorganisms, promote bile
flow to facilitate nutrient absorption) Peppermint (Menthax piperita)
Chamomile (Matricaria recutita, M. chamomilla, Chamomilla recutita, Chamaemelum nobile) Minor carminative herbs Anise (Pimpinella anisum)
Caraway (Carum carvi)
Coriander (Coriandrum sativum, C. vulgare, C. microcarpum)
Calamus (Acorus calamus)
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Cholagogues:
Act to empty the gall bladder or to stimulate the production of bile or both Turmeric (Curcuma domestica, C. longa, C. zanthorrhiza, C. zedoaria)
Boldo (Peumus boldus)
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) Condition/Symptom Herbs Used Infections and Kidney Stones Significant aquaretic-antiseptic herbs:
Enhance fluid and electrolyte excretion, increase blood flow in the kidneys. Useful for: local infection of renal tissue (pyelonephritis); inflammation of urethra (urethritis); inflammation of urinary bladder (cystitis); preventing kidney stones Goldenrod (Solidago virgaurea, S. serotina, S. canadensis)
Parsley (Petroselinum crispum)
Juniper (Juniperus communis) Minor aquaretic herbs: Used in diuretic teas Birch leaves (Betula verrucosa, B. pubescens)
Lovage root (Levisticum officinale) Antiseptic herbs Bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, two varieties: coactylis, adenotricha)—antibacterial herb for urinary tract infections Anti-infective herbs Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon), most useful for preventing and treating urinary tract infections Prostate enlargement Saw palmetto (sabal) (Serenoa repens)
Nettle root (Urtica dioica, U. urens) Laxative Bulk-producing laxative Plantago, also known as psyllium seed (Plantago psyllium,
Plantago indica, Plantago ovata) Significant stimulant laxatives Cascara sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana)
Buckthorn (frangula) bark (Rhamnus frangula)
Senna (Cassia acutifolia—known in commerce as Alexandria senna, or Cassia angustifolia—known in commerce as Tinnevelly senna, or these two grouped into Senna alexandrina) Other stimulant laxatives Aloe (Aloe barbadensis, A. vera, A. ferox, A. africana, A. spicata)
Rhubarb (Rheum officinale, R. palmatum, R. emodi, R. webbianum) Minor laxatives: Drastic purgatives Jalap, Podophyllum, Colocynth Minor laxatives: Mild and uncertain inaction Dandelion root, Manna Liver Damage Milk thistle (Silybum marianum)
Schizandra (Schisandra chinensis) Lower Cholesterol Garlic
Plantago, also known as psyllium seed (Plantago psyllium, or Plantago indica, Plantago ovata) Migraine or Vascular Headache Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium) Nausea and Vomiting Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Pain (General) Willow bark (Salix alba) Condition/Symptom Herbs Used Performance and Endurance Enhancers The ginsengs (Panax ginseng, P. quinquefolius, P. pseudoginseng)
Eleuthero (Eleutherococcus senticosus)
Sarsaparilla (Smilax aristolochiaefolia, S. febrifuga)
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)
Sassafras (Sassafras officinalis) Peripheral Vascular Disease Cerebrovascular disease Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) Other peripheral arterial circulatory disorders Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)—questionable effectiveness Varicose vein syndrome Horse chestnut seed (Aesculus hippocastanum, A. glabra)
Butcher’s broom (Ruscus aculeatus) Sexual Impotence Yohimbe (Pausinystalia yohimbe)—not recommended for selftreatment,
not for OTC sale in US
Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) Source: U.S. Food and Drug Administration