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Survivor of Violence or Trauma Characteristics Example

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Survivor Group's Characteristics Prior or pre-existing mental health or substance abuse problems
Prior traumatization or unresolved losses
Female gender
Low socioeconomic status, low education
Family instability, conflict, single-parent household
Perceived or real lack of social support, isolation
Overuse of coping strategies such as avoidance and blaming self or others Resiliency Factors Relative mental health, absence of history of diagnosable psychiatric problems
Capacity to tolerate emotions and cope flexibly with symptoms associated with trauma and bereavement
Self-perception of having ability to cope and control outcomes
Higher socioeconomic status, higher educational level
Immediate and extended family providing practical, emotional, and financial support
Effective use of social support systems Survivor Characteristics Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Mental Health Services, Mental Health Response to Mass Violence and Terrorism, 2004

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